问题：
the Doctrine of the Golden Mean
答案：
The Doctrine of the Golden Mean ( 《中庸》 ) is one of the Four Books ( 《四书》 ), part of the Confucian canonical scriptures. The philosophy by this name, literally meaning the “felicitous middle between two extremes, one of excess and the other of deficiency,” emphasizes equilibrium and harmony, or rationality as a means to perfection in virtue